Internet vs Intranet vs Extranet: What is the difference?

Networks are crucial in today’s digital world as they allow exchange, acquisitions and knowledge across organizations or within organizations. Every network meets a specific requirement as per its scope – connecting internal organizations, public ecosystem and secure connectivity with external objects. 

In today’s article we understand and compare types of networks – Internet, Intranet and Extranet, purpose of each of the network types, their key differences and use cases.  

What is Internet

The Internet or public network connects millions of computers and related devices from around the globe so its users can communicate, exchange information, and access general resources.

• It is more decentralized and is not owned by a specific person or entity; it works on a common idea shared by several organizations, users and governments.
• The Internet is the tool which connects organizations, and provides several opportunities for development and cooperation as well as providing a source of necessary information using public resources such as websites and services, social networks and research data. 

What is Intranet

An Intranet is a local area network which is used within an organization for its employees to share information and work together.

• An Intranet exists behind a security firewall and has a limited number of authorized users.
• Intranet are usually meant to enhance internal cooperation, control and facilities distribution within an organization. This may include project management applications, personal directories, internal web servers etc. which help in improving the organizational efficiency. 

What is Extranet

Extranet is an extended form of Intranet which provides secure communication and collaboration between external entities and enterprises such as suppliers, clients and partners. It uses Internet protocols to facilitate communication and connectivity.

• Extranet is accessed and controlled by only limited authorized users having login credentials.
• The purpose of Extranet is an extension to provide internal resources to trusted entities while ensuring security through firewalls and encryption and access control measures.

Figure above depicts an Internet, Intranet and Extranet showcasing their boundaries of operations. 

Comparison: Internet vs Intranet vs Extranet

Download the comparison table: internet vs intranet vs extranet

To Summarize

• Internet is a global, public network connecting millions of computers worldwide for open communication and information sharing.
• Intranet is a private, internal network within an organization, accessible only to authorized members.
• Extranet is an extension of an intranet that allows controlled access to external partners, vendors, or clients.